Dr. Alexander Lion predated Martin Couney by some years in caring for premature infants in an "exposition" venue. His "Baby Incubator Charities" were popular attractions in Lyon, Marseilles, Nice, and Paris during the 1890's. Dr. Lion designed his own incubator, which was subsequently commercialized and widely used at expositions throughout Europe and the United State. More information about Dr. Lion can be found in the 1896 article "Baby Incubators" by James Walter Smith.